THE DIFFERENCE OF TUGRA AS AN OFFICIAL WRITING OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND SYMBOL OF TURKISH SOVEREIGNTY

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OSMANLI DÖVLƏTİNİN RƏSMİ XƏTT NÖVLƏRİ VƏ TÜRK SUVERENLİYİNİN RƏMZİ OLAN “TUĞRA”

Səbinə Nemətzadə | nematzadesabina@yahoo.com

MEA-nın Z.Bünyadov adına Şərqşünaslıq İnstitutu, Şərq-Qərb şöbəsinin aparıcı elmi işçisi, ilahiyyat elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent

Araşdırma

AÇAR SÖZLƏR

tuğra divani Osmanlı dövləti suverenlik fərman möhür

ƏDƏBİYYAT

1. Derman M. Uğur. Ta‘lik. İslam Ansiklopedisi, DİA, cilt: 39. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet
Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2010.
2. Serin Muhittin. Hat Sanatı. İslam Sanatları Tarihi. Anadolu Universitesi Yayınları,
Eskişehir: 2013.
3. Osmanlı padişah fermanları: sergi kataloğu: T.C. kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Türk ve
İslam Eserleri Müzesi İbrahim Paşa Sarayı İstanbul 19 Eylül 1986 - 18 ocak 1987 =
Imperial Ottoman fermans: exhibition catalogue: Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism
Museum of Turkish and Islamic Arts Ibrahim Pasha Palace Istanbul 19 September 1986
- 18 January 1987. / haz. Ayşegül Nadir. London: 1986.
4. Serin Muhittin. Rik‘a. İslam Ansiklopedisi, DİA, cilt: 35, İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet
Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2008.
5. Özcan Ali Rza. Yesarizade Mustafa İzzet Mektebi.Hat ve Tezhip Sanatı. Ankara, T.C.
Kültür və Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları, 2009.
6. Dere Ömer Faruk. Harflerin Divanı, Dîvân-ı Hurufât. İsmek El Sanatları Dergisi, Sayı
18. İstanbul: 2014.
7. Alparslan Ali. Divani. İslam Ansiklopedisi. DİA, Cilt: 9. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet
Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM.
8. Derman M.Uğur. Tuğra. İslam Ansiklopedisi, DİA, cilt: 41. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet
Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2012.
9. Derman Mustafa Uğur. Padişah tuğralarındakı şekil inkilabına dair bazı gerçekler. Hat
ve Tezhip Sanatı. Ankara: T.C. Kültür və Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları 2009.
10. Mensiz Ercan. Türk Dünyası’nda Tuğralar ve Osmanlı Padişah Tuğraları. http://www.
tugra.org/tr/hakkinda.asp
11. https://usengecsef.com/2013/06/hep-dua-ile-karstrlyor-iste-aslnda/
12. Boydaş Nihat. Talik yazıya plastik değer açısından bir yaklaşım. Ankara: Milli Eğitim
Bakanlığı, 1994.
13. Serin Muhittin. Rik’a. İslam Ansiklopedisi, DİA, cilt: 35, İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet
Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2008.
14. Özaydin Abdülkerim. Menşur. İslam ansiklopedisi, cilt: 29, DİA. İstanbul: Türkiye
Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2004.
15. Merçil Erdogan. İlk Müslüman Türk Devletlerinde Menşur. / Menşur. İslam ansiklopedisi,
cilt: 29, DİA. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2004.
16. DİA. Osmanlılar’da Menşur. İslam ansiklopedisi, cilt: 29, DİA. İstanbul: Türkiye
Diyanet Vakfı Yayınları, İSAM, 2004.

THE DIFFERENCE OF TUGRA AS AN OFFICIAL WRITING OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND SYMBOL OF TURKISH SOVEREIGNTY

Sabina Nematzade | nematzadesabina@yahoo.com

MEA-nın Z.Bünyadov adına Şərqşünaslıq İnstitutu, Şərq-Qərb şöbəsinin aparıcı elmi işçisi, ilahiyyat elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent

Research

SUMMARY

During the reign of the Ottoman Empire, there were a number of official writings in
the country and the writings were developed through the influence of Islamic culture and
calligraphy. “Diwani” calligraphy was especially used in decrees and the implementation of
state laws. The effects of ancient Taliq were mostly on Tovqi and Riqa types of calligraphy that
used in the Divani Humayun. Also, tughra as one type of calligraphy was the element of one
of Ottoman reign. All signs and elements that used for The Ottoman sultans and Oguz khagans
called Tughra. More ornate, beautiful examples of Tugré was already known in the 16th century.
We have to mention that Suleiman the Magnificent’s tuhra was the most famous one.
So, the main investigation point in this article are the types of official writings in the
Ottoman Empire, the usage of tughra in documents as the symbols of Turkish sovereignty, and
the comparison with other calligraphy types

KEYWORDS

tugra diwani The Ottoman Empire sovereignty decree seal

REFERENCE LIST

РАЗНОВИДНОСТЬ ОФИЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПИСЬМЕННОСТИ ОСМАНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА И СИМВОЛ ТЮРКСКОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА «ТУГРА»

Сабина Нейматзаде | nematzadesabina@yahoo.com

MEA-nın Z.Bünyadov adına Şərqşünaslıq İnstitutu, Şərq-Qərb şöbəsinin aparıcı elmi işçisi, ilahiyyat elmləri üzrə fəlsəfə doktoru, dosent

Исследование

РЕЗЮМЕ

В период правительства османской империи на территории страны существовал
ряд видов письменности. Письмена развивались под влиянием исламской культуры и
искусства. В исполнении государственных законов и указов в основном преобладали
черта «дивани». Влияния древнего талига на османского письма было использовано на
письмах товги и рика в Дивани Хумаюн. Также как одна из форм османского искусства
письма «тугра» представлял знак государственности у тюрков. От огузских каганов до
османских государей, используемые письменные знаки и индикации, представляющие
тюркских государей называются под именем «тугра». Еще в XVI веке уже были известны
расписные, прекрасные образцы «тугры». Следует отметить, что «тугра» Султана
Сулеймана считался самой известной.
В статье были исследованы разновидность официальной письменности,
использования в официальных документах символа тюркского суверенитета тугра,
сравнение с другими видами письма и этапы развития в османской империи

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА

тугра дивани Османская империя суверенитет указ печать

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

Şərh yazmaq üçün giriş etməlisiniz

JURNALIN SAYLARI

OSMANLI DÖVLƏTİNİN RƏSMİ XƏTT NÖVLƏRİ VƏ TÜRK SUVERENLİYİNİN RƏMZİ OLAN “TUĞRA”

Araşdırma

AÇAR SÖZLƏR

ƏDƏBİYYAT

THE DIFFERENCE OF TUGRA AS AN OFFICIAL WRITING OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND SYMBOL OF TURKISH SOVEREIGNTY

Research

SUMMARY

KEYWORDS

REFERENCE LIST

РАЗНОВИДНОСТЬ ОФИЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПИСЬМЕННОСТИ ОСМАНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА И СИМВОЛ ТЮРКСКОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА «ТУГРА»

Исследование

РЕЗЮМЕ

КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА

ЛИТЕРАТУРА

JURNALIN SAYLARI

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